On Hypocrisy
politics argumentPointing out hypocrisy is a very popular rhetorical technique in politics and “debate.” I usually find it very tiresome. People bring it to bear if they want to point out some inconsistency in an opponent that shows that they have no room to talk, and therefore ought be ignored on some point (or all points henceforth).
There are many candidate configurations here:
- a person is using two inconsistent arguments but isn’t aware of the inconsistency
- a person is using two apparently inconsistent arguments but the actual inconsistency is not a settled matter
- a person is using two inconsistent arguments and is aware of it
- a person is applying a different standard to one agent than the one she applies to other agents (irreconcilable)
- a person is applying a different standard to one agent than the one she applies to other agents (reconcilable)
- a person is not exemplifying the standard they are proposing (not realizable)
- a person is not exemplifying the standard they are proposing (unrealized but realizable)
- a person is not exemplifying the standard they are proposing (realized but accuser is unaware)
I think most peoples’ intuition would only count some of these as actual hypocrisy, while others simply look like it or can be made to look like it. It’s those latter cases that make accusations of hypocrisy so tiresome to me, because it seems to be very easy to successfully accuse someone of hypocrisy and very difficult to prove innocence because the key facts of the matter are often hard to pin down or easy to misrepresent.
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